Perbedaan anestesi spinal dan anestesi epidural

Anestesi spinal dan anestesi epidural termasuk anestesi spinal, sejenis anestesi lokal

Anestesi epidural adalah injeksi larutan obat ke dalam ruang epidural (ruang potensial antara dura dan ligamentum flavum), dan anestesi lokal yang menyebar mendorong rongga melalui foramen intervertebralis. Anestesi akar saraf. Dosis 5 sampai 10 kali lebih besar dari anestesi spinal, onset lebih lambat (15 sampai 20 menit), tidak ada kerusakan pada dura, dan tidak menyebabkan sakit kepala setelah anestesi. Ruang epidural tidak berhubungan dengan rongga tengkorak, dan tingkat injeksi dapat setinggi tulang belakang leher, tanpa melumpuhkan pusat kehidupan medula oblongata. Jika kateter ditempatkan, suntikan berulang dapat memperpanjang durasi anestesi. Anestesi epidural dapat membius saraf simpatis, menyebabkan vasodilatasi perifer dan depresi miokard, yang mengakibatkan penurunan tekanan darah.

Subarachnoid anaesthesia (spinal anaesthesia) injects local anesthetic into the subarachnoid space (the solid space between the arachnoid and pia mater and filled with cerebrospinal fluid) through the lumbar space to block the Because this cavity is connected with the ventricle, the excessive rise of the anesthesia level will lead to paralysis of the life center of the medulla, resulting in cardiac and respiratory arrest. During spinal anesthesia, because the sympathetic nerve is blocked, it is often accompanied by a drop in blood pressure, which can be prevented by ephedrine. In addition, because the dura is punctured, the cerebrospinal fluid leaks, resulting in a decrease in pressure, which is easy to cause headaches after anesthesia. The specific gravity of the liquid medicine and the patient's position will affect the level of the liquid medicine. If the drug is dissolved in the released cerebrospinal fluid, the specific gravity is higher than that of the cerebrospinal fluid. Dissolved in distilled water, the specific gravity is lower than that of cerebrospinal fluid. The high specific gravity liquid is used for sitting patients, and the liquid will sink to the cauda equina, which is safe and effective.

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